高考英語閱讀專項練習附答案解析

　　閱讀理解是高考英語重點考察的題型之一，想要提高閱讀能力需要平時的積累練習。下面小編為大家帶來，希望對大家的高考英語備考有所幫助。

　　高考英語閱讀專項練習1：

　　Working with a group of baboons ***狒狒*** in the Namibian desert，Dr.Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology，Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food，hidden in a box.Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task，while others had to learn for themselves.To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were，Dr.Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.

　　She found that personality had a major impact on learning.The braver baboons learnt，but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did.In effect，despite being made aware of what to do，they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.

　　The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones.The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not，even though they spent more time watching.

　　This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals，something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things.The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive ***認知的*** tasks not because they aren't clever enough to solve them，but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.

　　The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning.If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don't associate with the knowledgeable individuals，or they are too shy to use the information once they have it，information may not travel between all group members，preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.

　　1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?

　　A.The design of Dr.Carter's research.

　　B.The results of Dr.Carter's research.

　　C.The purpose of Dr.Carter's research.

　　D.The significance of Dr.Carter's research.

　　2.According to the research，which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?

　　A.Those that have more experience.

　　B.Those that can avoid potential risks.

　　C.Those that like to work independently.

　　D.Those that feel anxious about learning.

　　3.Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?

　　A.Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.

　　B.Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.

　　C.Some baboons observe others but don't follow them.

　　D.Some baboons perform new tasks but don't concentrate.

　　4.Dr.Carter's findings indicate that our culture might be formed through ________.

　　A.storing information

　　B.learning from each other

　　C.understanding different people

　　D.travelling between social groups

　　閱讀專項練習答案解析：

　　本文是一篇科普說明文。劍橋大學的一些研究人員通過對狒狒的研究發現，影響狒狒學習成效的因素不是它們的智力，而是其性格以及對學習的渴望程度。這一研究結果也適用於人類社會：如果我們不善於與他人溝通或太膽怯而不能利用所得到的資訊，那麼會阻礙以社會學習為基礎的文化的形成。

　　1.A　解析：推理判斷題。第一段描述了研究人員如何開展這一研究的具體細節：把新奇的食物和熟悉的食物藏在一個盒子裡，有些狒狒有機會觀看另外一隻狒狒是如何完成任務的，而另外一些狒狒則不得不自學完成任務，因此選A項“卡特博士研究的設計”，而非研究的“結果”“目的”或“重要性”。

　　2.D　解析：細節理解題。由文章第二段中The braver baboons learnt，but the shy ones did not learn...及第三段中The anxious individuals learnt...while those who were relaxed did not...這些對實驗的描述可知D項“那些渴望學習的狒狒”符合題意。

　　3.C　解析：推理判斷題。該詞所在上文，即第二、三段提到在觀察了別的狒狒之後，勇敢的、渴望學習的狒狒學到本領，而害羞的狒狒學了卻不像別的狒狒那樣去做;再根據between collecting social information and using it可知與“收集”和“使用”對應的是“觀察別人但不跟著做”，即C項。

　　4.B　解析：細節理解題。最後一段首句The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning.意為“研究結果可能會影響我們如何理解社會文化的形成，該文化的形成是通過社會學習獲得的”。換言之，作者認為我們的文化是通過social learning而形成的，與B項“互相學習”相呼應，而非“儲存資訊”“理解不同的人”或“在社會群體間傳播”。

　　高考英語閱讀專項練習2：

　　Close your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you had a hundred dollars less.Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with your eyes closed.Imagine having to read this page，not with your eyes but with your finger­tips.

　　With existing medical knowledge and skills，two­thirds of the world's 42 million blind should not have to suffer.Unfortunately，rich countries possess most of this knowledge，while developing countries do not.

　　ORBIS is an international non­profit organization which operates the world's only flying teaching eye hospital.ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide.Inside a DC­8 aircraft，there is a fully­equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom.Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people here.Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation***合作*** among countries.

　　ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three­week medical programs.ORBIS has taught sight­saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses，who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year.ORBIS has conducted 17 plane programs in China so far.For the seven to ten million blind in China，ORBIS is planning to do more for them.At the moment an ORBIS team is working on a long­term plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care services to Shanxi Province.ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.

　　For just US $38，you can help one person see;for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people;$1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills;and for $13,000 you can provide a training program for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.Your money can open their eyes to the world.Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.

　　1.The first paragraph is intended to ________.

　　A.introduce a new way of reading

　　B.advise the public to lead a simple life

　　C.direct the public's attention to the blind

　　D.encourage the public to use imagination

　　2.What do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?

　　A.They are adequate.

　　B.They have not been updated.

　　C.They are not equally distributed.

　　D.They have benefited most of the blind.

　　3.ORBIS aims to help the blind by ________.

　　A.teaching medical students

　　B.training doctors and nurses

　　C.running flying hospitals globally

　　D.setting up non­profit organizations

　　4.What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?

　　A.Appeal for donations.

　　B.Make an advertisement.

　　C.Promote training programs.

　　D.Show sympathy for the blind.

　　5.What can be the best title for the passage?

　　A.ORBIS in China

　　B.Fighting Blindness

　　C.ORBIS Flying Hospital

　　D.Sight­saving Techniques

　　閱讀專項練習答案解析：

　　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹一個旨在幫助失明人士的組織——ORBIS。大家行動起來和ORBIS一起，來幫助那些失明的朋友們。小小的捐助，就可以使他們和我們一樣去感受這個世界的美好。

　　1.C　解析：考查寫作意圖。綜觀全文，作者希望大眾通過想象失明人士的生活，以此引起人們對失明人士的關注，故選C。

　　2.C　解析：考查細節理解。根據第二段最後一句話可知目前的醫療知識和技術分配不均衡。

　　3.B　解析：考查細節理解。根據文章第三段和第四段首句可知ORBIS通過培訓醫務人員來幫助失明人士。

　　4.A　解析：考查段落大意。由文章最後一段中不同金額的捐款所能產生的積極效果可知，最後作者是號召大眾捐款幫助提高失明人士的生活質量。

　　5.C　解析：考查標題判斷。本文關鍵詞為ORBIS，文章通篇都在介紹ORBIS通過他們的flying hospital幫助失明人士。